利用全注解实现ssh的一个完整例子

在一个稍大的项目中，通常会有上百个组件，如果这些组件采用xml的bean定义来配置，显然会增加配置文件的体积，查找以及维护起来也不太方便。个人也不喜欢配置那么多的xml文件。下面我们就利用java的注解实现ssh框架，注解相当于一种标记加了注解就等于打上了某种标记，没加，则等于没有某种标记，以后，javac编译器，开发工具包和其他程序可以用反射来了解你的类以及各种元素上有何种标记，看你有什么标记，就去干相应的事，标记可以加载包，类，字段，方法，方法的参数以及局部变量上。关于注解在这里不多说，网上大把资料。

先看看完整的工程目录吧

1.为了使用注解我们需要配置web.xml文件，在web-inf目录下内容如下

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appversion="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath*:applicationContext*.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>actionPackages</param-name>
<param-value>ssh</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2.接下来看看spring和hibernate的配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.ssh" />
<beanid="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<propertyname="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<propertyname="url"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myssh">
</property>
<propertyname="username" value="anan"></property>
<propertyname="password" value="123456"></property>
</bean>
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="dataSource">
<refbean="dataSource" />
</property>
<propertyname="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<propkey="hibernate.dialect">
hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<propkey="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<propkey="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
<propertyname="packagesToScan">
<list>
<value>ssh.*</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<beanid="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<propertyname="dataSource">
<reflocal="dataSource" />
</property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driventransaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

基本都有注释了，这里不多说了，需要注意的是如果是自己搞回去用千万记得要改上面的数据库配置。

3.接下来我们再看看struts的配置文件struts.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
<constantname="struts.i18n.reload" value="false" />
<constantname="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="false" />
</struts>

基本上注释写的很详细了吧，我也不是很懂就那样配置着先....

接下来我们就可以安心的写java代码了，先创建如下图所示的包和类

先看看实体类User.java

packagessh.user.model;
importpersistence.Column;
importpersistence.Entity;
importpersistence.GeneratedValue;
importpersistence.GenerationType;
importpersistence.Id;
importpersistence.Table;
/**
* 类名称：User
* 类描述：用户信息实体
* 创建人：anan
* 创建时间：2012-12-21 下午10:55:19
* 修改人：anan
* 修改时间：2012-12-21 下午10:55:19
* 修改备注：
* @version
* */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
publicclassUser {
/**
* 用户id
*/
@Id
@Column(name = "userId")
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
privateint userId;
/**
* 用户名
*/
@Column(name = "userName", length = 50)
privateString userName;
/**
* 用户登录密码
*/
@Column(name = "passWord", length = 50)
privateString passWord;
publicint getUserId() {
returnuserId;
}
publicvoid setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
publicString getUserName() {
returnuserName;
}
publicvoid setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
publicString getPassWord() {
returnpassWord;
}
publicvoid setPassWord(String passWord) {
this.passWord = passWord;
}
publicUser(int userId, String userName, String passWord) {
this.userId = userId;
this.userName = userName;
this.passWord = passWord;
}
publicUser(String userName, String passWord) {
this.userName = userName;
this.passWord = passWord;
}
publicUser(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
publicUser() {
}
}

这是一个基本的pojo类，关键看看那几个注解@Entity表示当前类是一个实体，@Table(name = "user")指定这个类映射到数据库的哪一个表，@Column(name = "userId")表示这个属性映射数据库对应表中的那一列...
接下来看看UserDao.java

packagessh.user.dao;
importutil.List;
importssh.user.model.User;
/**
* 类名称：UserDao
* 类描述：用户控制dao实现数据库操作接口
* 创建人：anan
* 创建时间：2012-12-21 下午11:05:46
* 修改人：anan
* 修改时间：2012-12-21 下午11:05:46
* 修改备注：
* @version
* */
publicinterfaceUserDao {
publicvoid addUser(User user);
publicvoid delUser(int userId);
publicvoid updateUser(User user);
publicList<User> selectUser();
publicUser getUserByUserId(int userId);
publicboolean isExitByName(String userName);
publicboolean isExitByNameAndPass(User user);
}

这是一个接口指定用户操作，定义一些方法

接下来具体实现这些方法，看UserDaoImpl.java

packagessh.user.dao.impl;
importutil.ArrayList;
importutil.Iterator;
importutil.List;
importhibernate.Session;
importhibernate.Transaction;
importspringframework.stereotype.Repository;
importssh.user.dao.UserDao;
importssh.user.model.User;
importssh.util.MyHibernateDaoSupport;
/**
* 类名称：UserDaoImpl
* 类描述：用户控制dao实现数据库操作接口实现
* 创建人：anan
* 创建时间：2012-12-21 下午11:07:43
* 修改人：anan
* 修改时间：2012-12-21 下午11:07:43
* 修改备注：
* @version
* */
@Repository("userDao")
publicclassUserDaoImpl extends MyHibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao{
publicvoid addUser(User user) {
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
save(user);
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
}
publicvoid delUser(int userId) {
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
User u = newUser(userId);
delete(u);
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
}
publicvoid updateUser(User user) {
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
update(user);
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
}
publicList<User> selectUser() {
List<User> users = newArrayList<User>();
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
List list = session.createQuery("From User").list();
for(Iterator iterator = list.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
User u = (User) iterator.next();
add(u);
}
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
returnusers;
}
publicUser getUserByUserId(int userId) {
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
//load 是说明数据库中一定存在这条记录，没有则报出：ObjectNotFoundException
//get 如果查不到记录，返回的是一个null
User user = (User)session.load(User.class, userId);
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
returnuser;
}
publicboolean isExitByName(String userName) {
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
List user = (List)session.createQuery("From User u where u.userName=:userName").setString("userName", userName).list();
if(user.size()>0){
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
returntrue;
}
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
returnfalse;
}
publicboolean isExitByNameAndPass(User user) {
Session session = this.getSession(true);
Transaction tc = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
List users = (List)session.createQuery("From User u where u.userName=:userName and u.passWord=:passWord").setString("userName", user.getUserName()).setString("passWord", user.getPassWord()).list();
if(users.size()>0){
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
returntrue;
}
try{
commit();
} catch(Exception e) {
printStackTrace();
}
close();
returnfalse;
}
}

到这里数据库操作基本搞完，接下来写业务逻辑代码，先看看UserService.java

packagessh.user.service;
importutil.List;
importssh.user.model.User;
/**
* 类名称：UserService
* 类描述：用户业务逻辑接口
* 创建人：anan
* 创建时间：2012-12-21 下午10:58:32
* 修改人：anan
* 修改时间：2012-12-21 下午10:58:32
* 修改备注：
* @version
* */
publicinterfaceUserService {
/**
* 判断用户是否存在
* @param userName
* @return user
* @
* */
publicboolean isExitUser(String userName) ;
/**
* 判断用户是否存在
* @param userName passWord
* @return user
* @
* */
publicboolean isExitByNameAndPass(User user) ;
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
* @return boolean
* @
* */
publicvoid save(User user) ;
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @param
* @return List<User>
* @
* */
publicList<User> getUsers() ;
/**
* 删除用户
* @param userId
* @return
* @
* */
publicvoid del(int userId) ;
/**
* 修改用户
* @param user
* @return
* @
* */
publicvoid update(User user) ;
/**
* 根据id获得user
* @param userId
* @return user
* @
* */
publicUser getUserById(int userId) ;
}

这个只是一个接口，定义我们接下来需要的方法。下面是具体的实现类UserServiceImpl.java

packagessh.user.service.Impl;
importutil.List;
importannotation.Resource;
importspringframework.stereotype.Service;
importspringframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
importspringframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
importssh.user.dao.UserDao;
importssh.user.model.User;
importssh.user.service.UserService;
/**
* 类名称：UserServiceImpl
* 类描述：用户信息操作业务逻辑接口实现
* 创建人：anan
* 创建时间：2012-12-21 下午11:08:18
* 修改人：anan
* 修改时间：2012-12-21 下午11:08:18
* 修改备注：
* @version
* */
@Service
publicclassUserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Resource
privateUserDao userDao;
publicboolean isExitUser(String userName) {
returnisExitByName(userName);
}
publicvoid save(User user) {
addUser(user);
}
publicList<User> getUsers() {
List<User> users = userDao.selectUser();
returnusers;
}
publicvoid del(int userId) {
delUser(userId);
}
publicvoid update(User user) {
updateUser(user);
}
publicUser getUserById(int userId) {
returngetUserByUserId(userId);
}
publicboolean isExitByNameAndPass(User user) {
returnisExitByNameAndPass(user);
}
}

业务逻辑在这里包括了判断用户是否存在，保存用户信息，获取用户信息，删除用户，更新用户信息等

通过上面两个类业务逻辑层也就完成了，接下来写视图控制器，这里只是写了一个简单的登录控制器LoginAction.java

packagessh.user.action;
importannotation.Resource;
importapache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
importapache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;
importopensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
importssh.user.dao.UserDao;
importssh.user.model.User;
/**
* 类名称：LoginAction
* 类描述：用户控制器的实现
* 创建人：anan
* 创建时间：2012-12-21 下午11:17:36
* 修改人：anan
* 修改时间：2012-12-21 下午11:17:36
* 修改备注：
* @version
* */
@Action(value = "loginAction", results = {
@Result(name = "loginSuccess", location = "/loginSuss.jsp"),
@Result(name = "loginFailer", location = "/loginFailer.jsp") })
publicclassLoginAction extends ActionSupport {
privatestatic final long serialVersionUID = -2266695172069461659L;
@Resource
privateUserDao userDao;
privateUser user;
publicUser getUser() {
returnuser;
}
publicvoid setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
publicString login(){
booleanflag = userDao.isExitByNameAndPass(user);
if(flag){
return"loginSuccess";
}
return"loginFailer";
}
}

这个就是控制层。

再写几个jsp文件来测试一下

内容如下：

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s"uri="/struts-tags"%>
<%
String path= request.getContextPath();
String basePath= request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<metahttp-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires" content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<s:formaction="loginAction!login">
<s:textfieldname="user.userName" label="userName"></s:textfield>
<s:textfieldname="user.passWord" label="passWord"></s:textfield>
<s:submitvalue="login"></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>

loginFailer.jsp

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path= request.getContextPath();
String basePath= request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'loginFailer.jsp' starting page</title>
<metahttp-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires" content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
登录失败</body>
</html>

loginSuss.jsp

<%@ page language="java"import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path= request.getContextPath();
String basePath= request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'loginSuss.jsp' starting page</title>
<metahttp-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires" content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
登录成功<br>
</body>
</html>